制备TJ-1模拟月壤空心圆柱试样的新方法   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李立青  蒋明镜  苏佳兴  吴晓峰 《冰川冻土》2011,33(4):927-932

针对TJ-1模拟月壤颗粒级配跨度大、粒径〉2mm．的颗粒含量多,采用常规方法制备空心圆柱试样容易出现粗细颗粒分离、试样整体不均匀的特点,提出改良型制备方法．首先采用分层欠压法与冰冻法相结合制备出孔隙比e=1．0的实心圆柱试样,并对实心样的均匀性进行评价,得到分层制备相同孔隙比的TJ-1模拟月壤均匀试样时每层试样的高度;...  相似文献   

砂卵石地层中防渗墙槽壁稳定性影响因素研究     

刘奉银  钟丽佳  张瑞 《冰川冻土》2011,33(4):867-872

地下连续墙或防渗墙施工中槽孔的开挖是极其重要的分项工程,泥浆护壁条件下槽壁的稳定性影响因素很多．应用ABAQUS有限元软件,考虑泥浆的渗透,模拟计算不同密度的泥浆以及泥浆分层后槽壁的位移,对槽壁的稳定性进行分析．经对槽壁位移值的分析得到泥浆密度增大槽壁的位移随之减小以及减小的幅度,随着泥浆的沉淀,槽壁位移增大．研究可为...  相似文献   

青藏高原东北缘囊谦古近纪盆地沉积特征及盆地演化研究          下载免费PDF全文

姜勇彪  郭福生  侯增谦  杨天南  刘燕学  杨庆坤  杜后发 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(3):391-400

野外露头岩石学与地层学研究表明,青藏高原东北缘囊谦古近纪盆地贡觉组自下而上可分为5个岩性段,它们构成两套由粗变细的沉积序列,主要形成于冲积扇-河流-湖泊-三角洲沉积环境。不同的岩性段具有不同的岩石组合,反映其形成于不同的沉积环境:第一岩性段分布局限,为滨浅湖相沉积;第二岩性段、第四岩性段和第五岩性段形成于近源、快速堆积环境;第三岩性段为面积分布广泛的干旱-炎热气候条件下的河流-湖泊沉积环境产物。由于盆地沉积的不对称性及所处沉积环境的不同,各岩性段在盆地内的出露也不相同,总体反映盆地经历了早期挤压推覆前陆盆地、中期走滑拉分盆地、晚期走滑挤压推覆前陆盆地的演化历史。  相似文献   

囊谦古近纪盆地砂岩地球化学特征及其对物源和沉积环境的指示作用   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

杜后发  姜勇彪  侯增谦  严兆彬  郭福生  郭国林 《岩石矿物学杂志》2011,30(4):654-664

砂岩地球化学特征对物质来源、古气候和沉积环境具有十分重要的示踪和指示作用。通过分析砂岩的微量元素和稀土元素含量的变化,研究了囊谦盆地沉积环境、古气候及物源特征。结果表明:囊谦古近纪盆地的古环境为气候干旱炎热、氧化环境;微量元素中的深源元素低于地壳粘土岩中的平均值,说明物源为陆源物质,而陆源元素则与地壳粘土岩中的平均值相当,反映沉积速度快;砂岩的REE北美页岩和球粒陨石标准化配分模式表现出轻稀土元素富集、重稀土元素亏损但变化平缓,反映典型的沉积成因特征;Th/Sc、Th/U、La/Th元素比值和La/Sc-Co/Th、Th-Hf-Co、La/Yb-∑REE以及砂岩函数判别图解显示囊谦古近纪盆地碎屑岩物源具有多样性,主要来自于上地壳长英质源区,源岩可能为沉积岩、酸性火山岩和拉斑玄武岩的混合。  相似文献   

A simple model accounting for the uptake,transport, and deposition of wind‐eroded mineral particles in the hyperarid coastal Atacama Desert of northern Chile     

Stephane C. Alfaro  Valentina Flores‐Aqueveque  Gilles Foret  Sandrine Caquineau  Gabriel Vargas  Jose A. Rutllant 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2011,36(7):923-932

As previously observed in marine sediments collected downwind of African or South American continental sources, recent studies of sediment cores collected at the bottom of Mejillones Bay in north Chile (23°S) show a laminated structure in which the amount of particles of aeolian origin and their size create significant differences between the layers. This suggests inter‐annual to inter‐decadal variations in the strength of the local southerly winds responsible for (1) the erosion of the adjacent hyperarid surface of the Mejillones Pampa, and (2) the subsequent transport of the eroded particles towards the bay. A simple model accounting for the vertical uptake, transport, and deposition of the particles initially set into motion by wind at the surface of the pampa is proposed. This model, which could be adapted to other locations, assumes that the initial rate of (vertical) uptake is proportional to the (horizontal) saltation flux quantified by means of White's equation, that particles are lifted to a height (H), increasing with the magnitude of turbulence, and that sedimentation progressively removes the coarsest particles from the air column as it moves towards the bay. In this model, the proportionality constant (A) linking the vertical flux of particles with the horizontal flux, and the injection height (H) control the magnitude and size distribution of the deposition flux in the bay. Their values are determined using the wind speed measured over the pampa and the size distribution of particles collected in sediment traps deployed in the bay as constraints. After calibration, the model is used to assess the sensitivity of the deposition flux to the wind intensity variations. The possibility of performing such quantitative studies is necessary for interpreting precisely the variability of the aeolian material in the sediment cores collected at the bottom of Mejillones Bay. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

湖相沉积盆地内隐伏断裂的电阻率层析成像探测——以通海盆地为例   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

沈坤  朱涛  金志林  周建国  蔡建华  吴富焕 《CT理论与应用研究》2011,20(4):505-512

本文利用电阻率层析成像方法对湖相沉积盆地——通海盆地内的小江断裂的西支断裂进行了探测。发现在电阻率图像的较深区域才能识别出断裂的位置和产状,它在通海盆地内的走向约为N47°E,倾角约为57°～66°,视倾向为NW或N,与以往的研究结果基本一致。  相似文献   

Grain‐Size Characteristics of Dune Networks in China's Tengger Desert          下载免费PDF全文

Zhengcai Zhang  Zhibao Dong  Jiyan Li 《Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Physical Geography》2015,97(4):681-693

Grain‐size characteristics of dune networks in the Tengger Desert of northwestern China were investigated. Grain‐size parameters (mean, standard deviation, skew, and kurtosis) were determined on dune surfaces at windward toe, stoss, crest and leeward toe locations. Multiple discriminant analyses were applied to distinguish deposition environments. Results indicated that the aeolian sediment is mainly composed of very fine and fine sand in the dune networks of the Tengger Desert. Sorting improves as grain size becomes finer. However, the relationships between mean grain size, skew, and kurtosis vary in space. There is a negative relationship between skew and sorting; similarly, the relationships between sorting and skew, and skew and kurtosis change in space. The sediment deposition environment includes aeolian sediment and lacustrine sediment. The lacustrine sediment provides the source material for dune windward toe and stoss formation and development, but the aeolian sediment provides the source material for dune crest and leeward toe formation and development. According to the log‐probability of grain size distributions, aeolian sediments in dune networks are composed of two distinct saltation populations.  相似文献   

衡水市滏阳河景观带植被配置分析     

刘红霞  李惠欣 《湿地科学与管理》2015,11(2):12-14

调查了衡水滏阳河岸景观带植被配置现状,在剖析景观带植被配置优势和问题的基础上,从适地适树,丰富季相景观,注重种植密度及乔灌藤花草合理搭配等方面提出了改进措施,以促进本区植被配置优化,充分发挥河岸植被的生态效益和社会效益。  相似文献   

黔中—渝南石炭纪铝土矿含矿岩系中的海相沉积特征   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0       下载免费PDF全文

刘 平廖友常  张雅静 《中国地质》2015,(2):641-654

黔中—渝南地区于紫云运动初期的泥盆纪末已准平原化,在石炭纪铝土矿含矿岩系沉积过程中,含矿岩系下段(铁质-粘土岩段)主要为近海湖泊相,含矿岩系上段(铝质岩段)为近海平原相。在这种大环境前提下,经常会受到海泛与强风暴潮的影响与改造,使得主要是陆相环境沉积形成的铝土矿含矿岩系中,含有少量海相大化石(腕足类)和微体生物化石(疑源类和牙形石);另在下段和上段岩矿层间,时夹海相碳酸盐岩透镜体,具明显海相沉积特征。以上表明,黔中—渝南石炭系铝土矿含矿岩系形成环境具有显著的多样性和复杂性,而非单纯的陆相沉积环境所能概括的。  相似文献   

大兴安岭南部幸福之路组的时代及二叠—三叠系界线研究——来自凝灰岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄的证据   总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

张海华郑月娟  陈树旺张 健 公繁浩 苏 飞 黄 欣 《中国地质》2015,(6):1754-1754

多数研究者认为西拉木伦河—长春—延吉断裂带为华北与西伯利亚两大板块的最后缝合带,但最后拼合时间仍存在分歧,原因之一是对晚二叠世—早三叠世地层研究不足,尤其是对上二叠统与下三叠统接触关系研究更为欠缺。幸福之路组分布于大兴安岭南部,为一套以红层为主要特征的杂色碎屑岩组合,含有叶肢介、介形虫、双壳、植物及孢粉化石。笔者对采自巴林右旗幸福之路苏木幸福之路组上段的岩屑晶屑凝灰岩样品进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb测年分析,结果为(254.3±2.6)Ma。结合已有的火山岩测年及化石资料认为,幸福之路组上段下部时代为晚二叠世,上部为早三叠世早期,大兴安岭地区上二叠统与下三叠统为连续沉积,晚二叠世晚期两大板块发生碰撞拼合,古亚洲洋消失,发生南北生物群的混生,早三叠世西伯利亚板块和华北板块碰撞结束。  相似文献